![]() The outer case of some slow-release metformin tablets may be visible in the stools this does not mean the drug has not been absorbed.May need to be temporarily discontinued before undergoing investigations requiring contrast media, or if you become dehydrated.Monitoring of blood sugars and other regular laboratory tests including kidney function are needed.Do not drink large amounts of alcohol or drink it daily while taking metformin because this may increase your risk of lactic acidosis.Swallow slow-release tablets whole do not crush, break, or chew.Splitting dosages throughout the day (rather than taking a single dose) may improve gastric side effects such as nausea, diarrhea, and indigestion.Metformin is usually started at a low dosage before being titrated up.Once-daily dosages should be taken with the evening meal. Take with a meal to reduce the risk of stomach upset.Taste disturbances, diarrhea, and other stomach-related side effects are common side effects. Metformin improves how the body responds to insulin and it is effective for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Note: In general, seniors or children, people with certain medical conditions (such as liver or kidney problems, heart disease, diabetes, seizures) or people who take other medications are more at risk of developing a wider range of side effects. Limited data report that metformin is present in breastmilk but the effects on the breastfed infant are not known. metformin has also been used off-label as an ovulation induction agent for non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Research has not determined a drug-associated risk for major birth defects or miscarriage, and there are risks to the mother and fetus associated with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus in pregnancy. Weigh up the benefits versus risks before using metformin in pregnancy.Metformin may need to be temporarily discontinued in people with restricted food or fluid intake because continued use may increase the likelihood of dehydration, low blood pressure, and kidney damage.Should not be used in people with liver disease, with acute or chronic metabolic acidosis, including diabetic ketoacidosis.The eGFR should be measured at least annually in people taking metformin. Metformin should not be initiated in people with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of less than 45 mL/min. Should not be used in people with severe renal impairment.Excessive alcohol intake should be avoided because it can potentiate the risk of lactic acidosis.Trials of 29 weeks or longer in duration have shown low vitamin B12 levels occur in 7% of people. May impair vitamin B12 absorption but rarely results in anemia.The risk is higher in older people, those with kidney disease, taking other medications that may decrease kidney function, undergoing radiologic studies using contrast media, with liver disease, or those with other medical conditions such as congestive heart failure. Rarely, metformin can cause lactic acidosis, a condition that can be fatal.Diarrhea, nausea, flatulence, indigestion, headache, lack of energy, and taste disturbance are the most commonly reported side effects. ![]() If you are between the ages of 18 and 60, take no other medication or have no other medical conditions, side effects you are more likely to experience include: Available in 500mg, 850mg, and 1000mg strengths.May be used in children older than ten years.Less likely to increase body weight (in fact body weight may decrease while on metformin), in contrast to many other medications used for diabetes, including sulfonylureas and insulin.Metformin has a unique mechanism of action and is like no other drug used for diabetes.Fasting insulin levels and the baseline insulin response may decrease. Metformin does not change how much insulin is secreted and it does not cause hyperinsulinemia (high insulin levels).Metformin rarely produces hypoglycemia (low blood sugar levels).Metformin decreases androgen hormone levels, improves menstrual cycles, ovulation regularity, and insulin sensitivity. ![]()
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